gerund & infinitive

Gerund and infinitive

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gerund & infinitive

🧠 Gerund and Infinitive – مصدر الفعل واسم الفعل

🔹 What is a Gerund?

A gerund is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun.
It shows an activity, not an action.

Examples:

  • Reading is fun. → (القراءة ممتعة)

  • Swimming helps you stay healthy. → (السباحة تساعدك على البقاء بصحة جيدة)

  • I enjoy watching movies. → (أستمتع بمشاهدة الأفلام)

🔹 What is an Infinitive?

An infinitive is “to” + the base form of a verb.
It can be used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Examples:

  • I want to learn English. → (أريد أن أتعلم الإنجليزية)

  • She decided to travel. → (قررت أن تسافر)

  • It’s easy to understand. → (من السهل أن تفهم)

⚖️ When to Use Gerund or Infinitive

1. After certain verbs → use the Gerund (-ing)

enjoy, avoid, mind, suggest, finish, stop, dislike, practice, admit, imagine, miss, risk, deny

Examples:

  • I enjoy reading. (أستمتع بالقراءة)

  • He avoided talking about the problem. (تجنب الحديث عن المشكلة)

  • She suggested going to the cinema. (اقترحت الذهاب إلى السينما)

2. After certain verbs → use the Infinitive (to + verb)

want, decide, hope, plan, need, agree, refuse, expect, promise, learn, manage, seem

Examples:

  • I want to go out. (أريد أن أخرج)

  • They decided to move. (قرروا الانتقال)

  • She promised to help. (وعدت بالمساعدة)

3. Some verbs can take both, but meaning changes

  • I stopped smoking. (توقفت عن التدخين)

  • I stopped to smoke. (توقفت لكي أدخن)

  • Remember to call your friend. (تذكر أن تتصل بصديقك)

  • I remember calling him yesterday. (أتذكر أنني اتصلت به البارحة)

🧩 Common expressions with Gerund

  • Can’t stand doing → لا أطيق القيام بـ

  • Be interested in doing → مهتم بـ

  • Look forward to doing → أتطلع إلى

  • It’s no use doing → لا فائدة من

  • Be good/bad at doing → جيد / سيئ في

Examples:

  • I’m interested in learning English. → أنا مهتم بتعلم الإنجليزية

  • She’s good at drawing. → هي جيدة في الرسم

  • I can’t stand waiting. → لا أطيق الانتظار

🧠 Common expressions with Infinitive

  • It’s + adjective + to + verb → من + صفة + أن

  • Too + adjective + to + verb → جداً لدرجة لا يمكن أن

  • Enough + adjective + to + verb → كافٍ لأن

  • Ask / tell / want + person + to + verb → يطلب / يخبر / يريد شخصاً أن

Examples:

  • It’s important to study. → من المهم أن تدرس

  • He’s too tired to work. → إنه متعب جداً للعمل

  • She told me to stay. → طلبت مني أن أبقى

📝 Practice Exercises

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct form (Gerund or Infinitive)

  1. I enjoy ______ (read) stories.

  2. She decided ______ (go) to the party.

  3. He stopped ______ (smoke) because it’s unhealthy.

  4. They promised ______ (help) us.

  5. I’m interested in ______ (learn) new languages.

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